（毕业论文 页数：10 字数：11876）

摘 要：弗朗茨•卡夫卡，二十世纪初奥地利小说家,被誉为欧洲文坛的“怪才”，西方现代派文学的宗师和探险者。他是中国读者非常熟悉、敬重的作家，他受中国传承文明的影响颇深：他接受了庄子的“化蝶”思想，并且借鉴这样的手法将自己的小说主人公物化，以此来表现自己对现实的认识：在他对中国古诗《寒夜》的理解中他明白了他真正需要的是孤独的创作空间，为此他拒绝了爱情和婚姻；卡夫卡对中国古代故事，尤其是《聊斋志异》很感兴趣。卡夫卡对中国文学如此感兴趣的原因，可以从主、客观两方面来解释，主观表现在卡夫卡内心对中国的神往，客观表现为历史背景、周边环境以及社会对其的影响。同时卡夫卡的创作对中国现当代文学创作影响较大：城堡的“走入”间接影响了钱钟书的“走出”；有“中国卡夫卡”之称的残雪，以她特有的方式对他做了更好的了解和解释；宗璞受卡夫卡的直接启发，《我是谁》中的韦弥同样在人与虫的身份之间找不到自己，与《变形记》里的格里高尔一样，毫无归属感。

关键词：卡夫卡；中国文学；影响；启示

Abstract：Frantz Kafka,was a writer of Austria at at the beginning of the 20th century,people called him “the weird talent”of the European literary world and the pyimogenitor and explorer of the west modern literature.He was a writer who is familiar with Chinese readers, his creation was effected deeply by chinese’s literature:he has accepted the thought of “the butterfly” from zhuangzi and learn from such technique to change his character.When he read the Chinese ancient poem Cold Night ,he understood that what he really need was the lonely creayive space ,so he refused the love and marriage. Kafka was very interested in the story of ancient china,especially the Tales of A Lonely Studio. Why there are so many resembles between kafka and Chinese literature,we could explain it from subjective and objective two parts.the subjective is Kafka had innermost feelings to China's being charmed, the objective is kafka accepted influence of the historical perspective,peripheral environment and society to its. Simultaneously Kafka's creation effected the Chinese modern literature also:the “walked into” in The Castle affects the “to go out” of Qian Zhongshu indirectly; remnant snow who has the name of“Chinese Kafka”, has made a better understanding and explanation by her unique way to Kafka; Kafka affected Zong Pu directly,weimi who is a character of Who Am I ,can not find herself between the person and the bug too,she is familiar to Gerry Gore who is the character of The Metamorphosis,have no end-result.

Keywords：Kafka; Chinese literature;affection;revelation

目录

一、卡夫卡与中国古代文学的深切共鸣
（一）蝴蝶与甲虫
（二）卡夫卡的“寒夜”情结
（三）卡夫卡与《聊斋志异》
二、卡夫卡钟爱中国文学的原因
三、中国现当代作家从卡夫卡作品中得到的启示
（一）卡夫卡——残雪灵魂的知音
（二）《变形记》与《我是谁》
（三）钱钟书的“走出”与卡夫卡的“走入”

弗朗茨•卡夫卡，二十世纪初奥地利小说家，被誉为欧洲文坛的“怪才”，西方现代派文学的宗师和探险者。他从小爱好文学，中学时就对自然主义戏剧和易卜生、斯宾诺莎、尼采等人的著作感兴趣。创作了《判决》、《变形记》和长篇小说《审判》、《城堡》、《美国》等著作，他的小说在艺术风格上独树一帜：内容怪诞离奇，形式新颖别致，摆脱了传统小说的束缚，深刻洞察现代人隐秘的内心世界。卡夫卡生前几乎默默无闻，随着时间的推移，他的价值才终于为人们所认识，与普鲁斯特和乔伊斯并称为“西方现代主义文学先驱”，并在世界范围内形成了一股持久不衰的“卡夫卡热”。