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摘 要
信用证抵押贷款是商业银行对出口企业提供支持的一种传统融资形式。虽然也是人民币短期贷款，但与一般的人民币流动资金贷款有很大的不同。国内商业银行在打包放款的操作上虽然存在一些分歧，但在定性上是基本一致。从法律关系来看，信用证抵押贷款是一种融资的法律关系，实质上是一种信用贷款，他与信用证有密切的关联性。银行在办理信用证抵押贷款业务中通常都要求申请人提供信用证正本作抵押。本文首先全面阐述了信用证抵押贷款的涵义与法律特征，明确了信用证抵押贷款仍然是信用放款的一种形式；其次，从出口商，进口客户及信用证本身等方面分析了业务的风险点；最后从银行信贷角度出发，对信用证抵押贷款的管理提出了一些建议。
【关键词】商业银行 信用证抵押贷款 风险 风险防范

Abstract
Packing loan is a traditional financing form provided by commercial bank to provide support to export enterprise. Packing loan is a short-term loan, but it is of great difference from the general floating capital loan. Domestic commercial banks basically share the same definition although they are different in the operation strategy of packing financing. From the viewpoint of legal relations, packing loan is a kind of financing relations of legal, a credit loan in nature which is of great relations with L/C. The bank usually asks the applicant to pledge the original true L/C against packing loan. Firstly a comprehensive elaboration of the meaning and legal characteristics of the Packing loan definites that it is still one form of credit loan. Secondly, the service risk points are analyzed from the aspects of exporters, importers and L/C itself. At last, some suggestions to the management of packing loan are put forward from the point of bank’s credit.
【Key Words】Commercial bank; Packing loan; Risk; Risk aversion





目 录

1 信用证抵押贷款的特征 2
1．1信用证抵押贷款是一种封闭贷款 2
1．2信用证抵押贷款与信用证本身是两种不同的法律关系 2
1．3信用证抵押贷款收回取决于信用证交易的实现 3
2 银行开展信用证抵押贷款面临的风险分析 3
2．1 来自出口商的风险 3
2．2来自信用证的风险 4
2．3进口客户风险 5
2．4 汇率风险 5
2．5国家（地区）风险 6
3 银行信用证抵押贷款业务的风险防范 6
3．1贷前调查 6
3．2贷时审查 7
3．3 贷后跟踪 8
3．4 落实担保条件 9
参考文献 10
致谢 11

论信用证抵押贷款业务的风险及其防范
国际贸易融资业务已经成为我国商业银行拓展市场的重要契机，正因如此，一些银行致力于新型贸易融资业务的发展，然而由于贸易融资品种丰富多样，其风险各异，防范措施也需要相应地变化。信用证项下打包放款作为一种传统的短期融资形式，不仅是商业银行对出口企业提供支持的重要方式，也是银行外汇业务营销的基本手段。然而，在实践中因为认识上的误区或操作失当，融资风险时有发生，对银行的资产安全构成了威胁。本文将就我国商业银行开展信用证抵押贷款业务的主要风险及防范对策进行探讨。