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[垃圾处理] Nitrification of landfill leachate by f..

  • 简介: 原文 Landfill leachate characteristics vary depending on the operation type of the landfill and the age of the landfill. At landfills operated as bioreactors, where leachaterecirculation is practiced, leachate ammonia nitroge...
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原文

Landfill leachate characteristics vary depending on the operation type of the landfill and the age of the landfill. At landfills operated as bioreactors, where leachate
recirculation is practiced, leachate ammonia nitrogen concentrations may accumulate to extremely higher levels than during single pass leaching, thereby requiring treatment before final discharge to a receiving system (Onay, 1998). Usually several physical/chemical wastewater treatment technologies are used to treat the leachate. In
most cases the COD and BOD are treated, and then nitrification is performed in a separate sophisticated ex situ system. The additional costs of these systems can be very high. The use of a readily available media for in situ nitrification should be considered a prime objective to avoid extra costs.


  目录

Page
ABSTRACT ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS iv
LIST OF TABLES vi
LIST OF FIGURES vii
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF LITERATURE
History and Importance of Nitrification
Nitrifier Kinetics and Basic Reactions
Required Environmental Conditions for Nitrification
Overview of Denitrification
Comparison of Traditional and Bioreactor Landfills
Leachate Production and Characteristics
Leachate Management Strategies
Leachate Treatment
Overview of Trickling Filter Systems
Efficiency Equations for Ammonia Removal
Future Issues Dealing with Leachate Management
CHAPTER 3: MATERIALS AND METHODS
Background
Experimental Setup
Phase 1: 3 Media Evaluation, Constant Flow, Varied Concentration
Phase 2: 4 Media Evaluation, Constant Concentration, Varied Flow
Phase 3: 4 Media Evaluation, Bioreactor Leachate versus Test Solution
Phase 4: Oak vs Pine as Most Efficient Biofilm Support Media
Phase 5: Kinetics of Organic (COD) Removal from Leachate 17
Landfill Leachate Description
Pathways for Ammonia Loss
CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Media Ammonia Removal Effiencies and Effects of Varied NH3 Loadings
iv
Evaluation of Media and Effects of Different Flow Rates 24
Leachate/Test Solution Comparison for Nitrification Inhibition
Comparison of Oak and Pine Media
COD Removal in Pine and Oak Reactors
Hydralic Residence Times for Reactors
Efficiency Equations Analysis
Filter Unit Design
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 6: THESIS SUMMARY
REFERENCES
VITA
v
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
Table 1 Percent Ammonia Removal for each Media Type
Table 2 Hydraulic residence times for the different media
Table 3 K and n Values for Each Media Type for Efficiency Equations


  参考资料

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