(论文 字数:19172页数:32)摘 要:电力变压器是交流电网中改变电压,传递能量的主要电气设备。为了远距离送电和减少线路损耗,用升压变压器将电压升高,送到用户后再用降压变压器降低,升(降)压的次数是根据发电机输出电压、传输距离、输送功率、用电设备等情况来确定的。它是电力系统中的重要设备,其安全运转是保证供电可靠度之重要因素之一,变压器因故障损坏时,因此,电力部门十分重视变压器故障检修,以便采取措施排除故障,保证电力系统可靠运转。 本论文从变压器的常有故障入题,讨论了目前设计变压器要考虑的热稳定设定值,介绍了现有的电力系统继电保护技术,我国电力系统继电保护技术发展的过程,概述了微机继电保护技术的成就,提出了未来继电保护技术发展的趋势是:计算机化,网络化,保护、控制、测量、数据通信一体化和人工智能化。特别强调了500KV及200KV以下的变压器要考虑热稳定性的故障。 通过分析变压器热稳定要求及其在运行中可能承受的故障考验,提出了变压器保护定值整定应要考虑的相关问题,及按照整定规程要求分别论述了500KV和200KV及以下的变压器联络保护,并对220 KV低、中、高压侧有电源的变压器保护提出配置方案和计算其定值,且对相间故障后备保护应具备的能力提出了看法,并对变压器设计、运行及其保护配置与整定提出了建议。
关键词:变压器,继电保护,热稳定,保护配置,整定
ABSTRACT :The electric power transformer is the change electric voltage in the exchanges charged barbed wire net, delivering main electricity equipments of the energy.For the sake of long-distance leave to send the electricity and reduce the circuit to exhaust, use to rise to press the transformer to go up electric voltage, use again to decline to press the transformer to lower after sending to the customer, rise( decline) to press of number of times output the electric voltage, deliver the distance, transport the power and use to give or get an electric shock the equipments according to the generator etc. the circumstance make sure of.It is an important equipments within the electric power system, its safe operation is to guarantee one of the important factors of the power supply credibility, transformer because of breaking down the damage, the loss that another result in when cut the power in addition to the damage of the device the cost of that anti- society pay is also a hard estimate of.Therefore, the electric power section values the transformer breakdown check to fix very, in order to adopt the measure exclusion breakdown, assurance the electric power system credibility operation. The our country electric power system after the process that the electricity protects the technique development, said the tiny machine all to protect the technical achievement after the electricity, put forward to protect the technique development after the electricity in the future of trend is:The calculator turn, the network turn, protection, control, measure, data correspondence the integral whole turns to turn with artificial intelligence. Pass analytical transformer hot the stability request and it is in the movement the breakdown that may bear test, put forward the transformer the protection settle value whole related problem that should consider certainly, as to it's alternate broke down the spare ability that the protection should have to put forward the viewpoint.Combine to design, circulate to the transformer and its protection install with whole put forward the suggestion certainly.
Keywords: Transformer,Hot stability,The protection install,Whole settle
目 录
第1章 绪论 1 §1.1 课题的来源与背景 1 §1.2 研究本课题的意义 2 §1.3 电力变压器的故障类型 2 §1.3.1 短路故障 3 §1.3.2 放电故障 3 §1.3.3 绝缘故障 4 第2章 变压器的继电保护 6 §2.1 国内电力变压器继电保护的形式 6 §2.2 继电保护的作用及要求 7 §2.3 供电系统常用的继电保护 8 第3章 变压器设计热稳定指标 11 §3.1 保护装置运行评价及可靠性的计算 11 §3.2 可能考验变压器热稳定性的故障 12 §3.2.1 500kV变压器 12 §3.2.2 220 kV及以下变压器 13 第4章 总体设计方案 14 §4.1 方案一 14 §4.2 方案二 15 §4.3 两种方案所考虑的因素 15 第5章 变压器相间后备保护的配置与整定 17 §5.1 整定规程要求 17 §5.2 500 KV变压器的保护 17 §5.3 220 KV低、中、高压侧有电源的变压器保护 18 §5.3.1 220KV低压侧后备保护的配置及定值计算 21 §5.3.2 220KV中压侧后备保护的配置及定值计算 21 §5.3.3 220KV高压侧后备保护的配置及定值计算 22
第6章 总结和建议 25 §6.1 总结 25 §6.2 建议 25 致谢 26 参考文献 27 附录1 28 附录2 33 附录3 37 附录4 43
第1章 绪论
1.1课题的来源与背景 在电力系统中广泛地使用变压器来升高或降低电压,变压器是电力系统中不可缺少的重要电气设备。它的故障将对供电可靠性和系统安全性带来严重的影响,同时大容量的电力变压器也是十分贵重的设备,它承担着电压变换,电能分配和传输,并提供电力服务。因此,变压器的正常运行是对电力系统安全、可靠、优质、经济运行的重要保证,必须最大限度地防止和减少变压器故障和事故的发生。因此应根据变压器的容量等级和重要程度装设性能良好、动作可靠的继电保护装置。 |