提高沼液杀虫效果的研究 （7页 5156字）

摘要:厌氧发酵处理禽畜粪便除了产沼气(约23%)外，还产出沼液(约72%)，沼液是一种集肥料、浸种、杀虫剂等特性为一身的特殊有机物质。沼液无严格的喷施时间及温度、浓度配比作为杀虫剂施用时，随用即配等优点。

    本文针对沼液使用效果不是最佳，欲在发酵液内添加不同浓度的氨液来增加药效。在不同条件下进行杀虫效果实验室测试，确定了杀虫率高的浓度范围并作了田间杀虫药效的研究，表明添加0.8倍的氨液能够增加沼液杀虫效果。本实验对研制的高效新型杀虫剂产品，对减少蔬菜污染，缓冲化学农药对人类生存、生态环境危害的压力，发展中国生态农业具有重要的现实意义。

关键词:沼液；添加剂；杀虫

The research of the oxygen fermentation fluid enhancement

to kill the insect effect

Abstract  The oxygen fermentation processing poultry excrement besides to produce the methane (approximately 23%), but also delivers tires ofthe oxygen fermentation fluid (approximately 72%), tires of the oxygen fermentation fluid is one kind of collection fertilizer, soaks seeds,characterristic and so on pesticide is body special organic matter.Tires of the oxygen fermentation fluid not strict to spurt executes the time and the temperature, the density allocated proportion took when pesticide employment, along with uses namely to match and so on the merit. This article in view of tires of the oxygen fermentation fluid use effect is not best, wants to increase the different density in the fermentation fluid the ammoniacal liquor to increase the drug efficacy. Carries on under the dissimilar condition kills the insect effect laboratory test, had determined killed the insect rate highdensity scope and has done the field insecticide effect research,indicated increased 0.8 time of ammoniacal liquor to be able to increase moors the fluid to kill the insect effect. This experiment to the development highly effective new pesticide product, to reduces the vegetables pollution, the cushion chemistry agricultural chemicals to the human survival, the ecological environment harm pressure, develops the China ecological agriculture to have the important practical significance.

Key word: oxygen fermentation fluid; Chemical additive;Kills the insect

1.概述

1. 1研究背景

近年来畜禽养殖业迅速发展，沼气技术作为解决畜禽粪便污染的最有效途径之一，近年来得到了快速发展，其特有的潜在性社会环境经济效益逐渐得到了社会公认。采用厌氧发酵处理畜禽粪便除了取得清洁能源沼气(主要产物)，沼液是也是一种重要资源。根据前人研究发现充分利用沼液的所含多种有机营养成分及其抗病防虫作用，去开发一种高效新型杀虫产品，是解决蔬菜污染，缓冲化学农药对人类生存、生态环境等各方面的危害的突破口。^[1、2]   

沼液是有机废弃物经厌氧发酵的残留物，是一种优质的有机物，不仅含有丰富的氮、磷、钾等营养元素和锌等微量元素(这些元素基本上都以速效养分形式存在)，还有氨基酸、维生素、糖类、核糖、赤霉素、乙酸等物质。^[3、4]

研究发现，沼液在虫害方面对19种害虫具有明显的防治效果。如对红、黄蜘蛛、蚜虫、青虫等有明显的杀抑作用，对桃树叶面喷施50%沼液可防治桃蚜、红蜘蛛和穿叶病;农业部环保检测所研究了沼液对农药的增效作用，发现添加一定浓度的农药其效果会明显增强。^[5、6]

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