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酵母铬与皮革蛋白粉对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响

  • 简介:酵母铬与皮革蛋白粉对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响 (36页 16530字) 摘 要 本试验选择40头体重、胎次、日龄基本一致的健康仔猪(28日龄断奶)作为试验对象,采用完全随机设计,进行了日粮添加铬(以酵母铬和皮革蛋白粉形式)对断奶仔猪生长性能、以及抗应激...
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酵母铬与皮革蛋白粉对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响  (36页 16530字)

 

本试验选择40头体重、胎次、日龄基本一致的健康仔猪(28日龄断奶)作为试验对象,采用完全随机设计,进行了日粮添加铬(以酵母铬和皮革蛋白粉形式)对断奶仔猪生长性能、以及抗应激和免疫力的研究。结果表明:①日粮添加0.02%酵母铬可显著提高断奶仔猪日增重(+20.08%P<0.01);添加皮革蛋白粉各组都显著地提高了仔猪的日增重(0.5%组提高19.51%P<0.01;1%组提高18.56%P<0.051.5%组提高14.92%P<0.05)②日粮添加0.02%酵母铬显著增加了断奶仔猪平均日采食量(ADFI)(P<0.05),而添加皮革蛋白粉的各组则无显著影响(P>0.05)③添加0.5%皮革蛋白粉饲料利用率显著提高(P<0.05),其余各组都有升高趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。④添加0.02%酵母铬和0.5%皮革蛋白粉均能显著降低血液中葡萄糖的浓度,分别降低了14.28%P<0.05)和 14.21%P<0.05)。而添加1%1.5%的皮革蛋白粉则无显著影响。⑤添加0.02%酵母铬能显著降低血液尿素氮的浓度,降低了30.05%P<0.05)。添加皮革蛋白粉对血液尿素氮无显著影响(P>0.05)。添加酵母铬和皮革蛋白粉不影响血清蛋白(总蛋白,白蛋白)。⑥添加0.02%的酵母铬和0.5%皮革蛋白粉都能显著降低断奶仔猪血液中胆固醇水平,分别降低了18.37%P<0.05)和17.27%P<0.05)。添加1%1.5%皮革蛋白粉则无此影响。⑦日粮添加0.02%的酵母铬和不同浓度的皮革蛋白粉对血液中胰岛素浓度无显著影响(P>0.05)。⑧日粮添加0.02%酵母铬和1.5%1%0.5%皮革蛋白粉对血清免疫球蛋白影响不显著(P>0.05)。⑨正常情况下断奶仔猪日粮中添加0.02%酵母铬和不同浓度的皮革蛋白粉对血液中皮质醇浓度影响不显著(P>0.05)。但当注射ACTH(促肾上腺皮质素)后,添加皮革蛋白粉的各组以及对照组仔猪血液中皮质醇浓度均上升,但添加0.5%皮革蛋白粉的仔猪与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05)。只有添加0.02%酵母铬的仔猪血液中皮质醇含量保持在正常范围内,与对照组相比差异极显著(P<0.01)。

以上结果表明:0.02%的酵母铬和0.5%的皮革蛋白粉对所观测断奶仔猪的多项指标的作用效果相似;在提高免疫性能和抗断奶应激方面二者均无效;在生长性能和抗化学诱导产生的应激方面,0.02%酵母铬优于0.5%皮革蛋白粉;1.5%1%皮革蛋白粉对于所测指标几乎均无效。

关键词:  酵母  皮革蛋白粉  断奶仔猪  生长性能 

 

Effect of Cr-yeast and leather protein meal on growth performance in weaned-pigs

Abstract:Forty healthy piglets,homogeneous for weight,parity and age,were used to assess the effects of chromium-yeast and leather protein meal supplementation on growth performance,blood parameters,stress and immune function in weaned-pigs. This experiment was in a completely randomized design. The result were showed as follow: The supplementation of 0.02% Chromium-yeast significantly increased average daily gain (ADG)(+20.08% P<0.01);Groups of supplementing  leather protein meal significantly increased average daily gain of weaned pigs (supplementation of 0.5% leather protein meal increased 19.51% P<0.01,supplementation of 1% leather protein meal increased 18.56%, P<0.05,supplementation of 1.5% leather protein meal increased 14.92,P<0.05). ;diets with 0.02% Cr-yeast significantly increased average daily feed intake (ADFI) P<0.05,but diets with leather protein  meal had no significant effect P>0.05;Feed efficiency had the trend to increase in all treatment groups compared with that of control group,and diets with 0.5% leater protein meal had significant differences P<0.05,others had no significant differences P>0.05;Dietary 0.02% Cr-yease and 0.5% leather protein meal supplementation significantly deereased blood glucose,increased by 14.28%   P<0.05 and 14.21%    P<0.05 respectively compared with that of control group,but dietary 1% or 1.5% leater protein meal had no significant effect;Diets with Cr-yeast significantly decreased blood urea nitrogen,by 30.05%  P<0.05compared with that of control group.Leather protein meal supplementation had no significant effect on blood urea nitrogen P>0.05.Dietary Cr-yeast or leather protein meal supplementation did not affect serum proteins (TP,ALB);Dietary 0.02% Cr-yeast and leather protein meal supplementation significantly decreased blood cholesterol level in weaned pigs,decreased by 18.37%   P<0.05and   17.27%P<0.05respectively compared  with that of control group,while diets with 1% or 1.5% leather protein meal had no this effect;Blood insulin concentration was not influenced significantly by dietary Cr-yeast or leather protein meal supplementation P>0.05;Diets with 0.02% Cr-yeast or 0.5%,1%,1.5% leather meal did not affect serum immunoglobulin G levels P>0.05;Blood cortisol concentration of weaned piglets were not influenced significantly by dietary Cr-yeast or leather protein meal supplementation in normal condition P>0.05,but after ACTH was injected,blood cortisol concentration rised in groups with leather peotein meal of different levels and control group.Blood cortisol concentetion was lower in group with 0.5% leather protein meal than in control group and the difference was significant.Only blood cortisol concentration in group with 0.02% Cr-yeast kept in normal level,and was most significantly lower than that of control group.

The results from this study indicated that 0.02% Cr-yeast and 0.5% leather protein meal had similar effects on most indices measured.Both of 0.02% Cr-yeast and 0.5% leather protein meal had no effect on improving immune function and resisting weaning stress. Cr from Cr-yeast was more effective than Cr from leather protein meal in improving growth performance and resisting chemically induced stress.1.5% leather protein meal and 1% leather protein meal had no effect on almost all indices measured.

Key words:  Cr-yeast  Leather protein meal  Weaned piglets  Growth performance;

 

  

 

 

早在1749年,法国化学家Vanqual已经发现了铬,铬是一种色彩鲜艳的金属。一直以来人们把铬当作一种有毒物质,直到1959SchwarzMertz才发现了铬的生物活性,通过多次实验证实Cr3+GTF(葡萄糖耐量因子)的重要活性组成部分,提出铬可能是人和动物所必需的微量元素的假设。人们对畜禽铬营养的研究起步较晚,始于90年代初。近年来的研究发现,铬参与动物体内糖、脂肪、蛋白质的代谢,在降低畜禽应激,提高免疫力,改善繁殖性能,提高胴体品质,促进生长等方面均有作用。因而,人们对铬的研究产生了浓厚的兴趣,从铬的来源及在体内的吸收、分布、排泄到铬的生物学功能等方面进行了系统深入的研究,并取得了一定成果。

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