| [页数] 12 [字数] 6758 [原文] 1. Introduction At Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (I.N.RI.M.) the traceability for precision measurement of ac voltages in the ranges from 0.5V to 1000V and for frequencies from20Hz to1MHz is derived from a set of multijunction and single junction thermal converters [1] periodically compared by means of an automatic system [2]. In this voltage and frequency range the level of uncertainty (1r) is between3 parts in 107(3V to1kHz) and30 parts in 106 (1000V to 100 kHz). The measurement calibration service for ac voltages in the millivolt ranges was previously provided only in the frequency range from 40 Hz to 10 kHz, where suitable calibrated ac voltages were produced by means of an inductive voltage divider. Recently new types of instruments such as multirange ac–dc transfer standards, programmable ac–dc transfer standards and precision multimeters have been adopted in metrological and industrial laboratories. These instruments require the calibration at a high level of accuracy, over a wider frequency range. So, in order to calibrate them, new activities for developing systems operating at low voltages have been undertaken. Furthermore, at international level, comparisons were promoted by CCEM to improve the traceability in this field. At I.N.RI.M. different methods based on resistive dividers, micropotentiometers and inductive dividers have been considered for the construction of the traceability, its maintenance and the calibration of instruments. Investigations about two of these methods are reported here. They are based, respectively, on resistive dividers to calibrate the ac–dc transfer standards and on wideband transformers for the calibration of the ac voltmeters in the millivolt ranges and for frequencies from1kHz to1MHz. 1. 引言 在 Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica,在电压从0 .5V至1 ,000V之间频率从20赫兹到1兆赫兹之间交流电压的精密测量的可追溯性是来自一套与自动化系统相比较下的多联结和单联接热转换器. 在此电压和频率范围, 不确定性程度是在30伏与1千赫兹的之间3部分和1,000伏至100千赫的30部分. 为在毫伏范围内交流电压服务的计量校准只由从40赫兹至10千赫的频率提供,在这个频率范围内交流电压的合适校准是由归纳分压器的方式产生. 最近,如多范围交直流转换标准，程控交直流转换标准和精密万用表新类型的仪器一直别用于计量和工业实验室. 这些仪器要求在一个较高的水平精度,在一个更广泛的频率范围内进行校准.因此,为了校准它们, 在低电压下发展运行系统的活动已经完成. 此外，在国际层面上，CCEM提倡进行比较用于改善可追踪性. 在i.n.ri.m.不同的方法是以电阻分压器基础的, 感应分压器已经被考虑用于仪器追溯性, 维修和校准的建造.关于这两种方法的调查在这里被报道.它们分别是基于电阻分压器对交直流转换标准进行校准和基于宽带变压器在毫伏范围和频率从1千赫兹到1兆赫兹对交流电电压的校准...... [摘要] The paper describes the systems, the standards and the procedures developed for the precise measurement of ac voltages in the millivolt ranges. Two different methods based, respectively, on resistive dividers and wideband transformers have been developed and are applied for the measurements of ac–dc transfer differences and ac voltages down to1mV. 这篇论文介绍了在毫伏范围内精确测量交流电电压的体制，标准和过程的发展.两种不同的方法分别是以电阻分压器为基础, 宽带变压器已经开发并用于交直流转移分歧和交流电电压下降到1mv 的测量。 [原文截取] Methods for precision measurement of ac voltages in the millivolt ranges Abstract: The paper describes the systems, the standards and the procedures developed for the precise measurement of ac voltages in the millivolt ranges. Two different methods based, respectively, on resistive dividers and wideband transformers have been developed and are applied for the measurements of ac?dc transfer differences and ac voltages down to1mV. Keywords: Electrical variables measurement; Measurement standards;..... |
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