| 仪表放大器应用工程师指南 第I章——仪表放大器的基本原理 .....................................................................................................................1-1 前言 ......................................................................................................................................................................1-1 仪表放大器与运算放大器的区别是什么？.........................................................................................................1-1 信号放大与CMR ..............................................................................................................................................1-1 运算放大器与仪表放大器的CMR比较 ..........................................................................................................1-3 差分放大器 ..........................................................................................................................................................1-5 在何处使用仪表放大器和差分放大器？.............................................................................................................1-5 数据采集 ..........................................................................................................................................................1-5 医用仪器 ..........................................................................................................................................................1-6 监测和控制电子设备 ......................................................................................................................................1-6 软件编程方面的应用 ......................................................................................................................................1-6 音频方面的应用 ..............................................................................................................................................1-6 高速信号调理 ..................................................................................................................................................1-6 视频方面的应用 ..............................................................................................................................................1-6 功率控制方面的应用 ......................................................................................................................................1-6 仪表放大器的外部特性 ......................................................................................................................................1-6 表征高品质仪表放大器的其它特性是什么？.....................................................................................................1-7 高AC（和DC）CMR ...........................................................................................................................................1-7 低失调电压和低失调电压漂移 .....................................................................................................................1-7 匹配的高输入阻抗 ..........................................................................................................................................1-8 低输入偏置电流和低失调电流误差 ...............................................................................................................1-8 低噪声 ..............................................................................................................................................................1-8 低非线性............................................................................................................................................................1-8 增益选择方便 ..................................................................................................................................................1-8 充裕的带宽........................................................................................................................................................1-8 差分输入到单端输出的转换 ...........................................................................................................................1-9 R-R输入和输出 ...............................................................................................................................................1-9 电源与带宽、转换速率和噪声之间的关系 ....................................................................................................1-9 第Ⅱ章——仪表放大器的内部原理 ...................................................................................................................2-1 单运放减法器提供的仪表放大器功能 ...........................................................................................................2-1 用输入缓冲器改进简单减法器 .......................................................................................................................2-1 三运放仪表放大器 ..........................................................................................................................................2-2 三运放仪表放大器设计考虑 ...........................................................................................................................2-3 基本的双运放仪表放大器 ...............................................................................................................................2-4 双运放仪表放大器——单电源共模电压制设计考虑 ...................................................................................2-5 自稳零仪表放大器 ..........................................................................................................................................2-6 第Ⅲ章——单片仪表放大器 ...............................................................................................................................3-1 优于用运放构成的仪表放大器 .......................................................................................................................3-1 采用仪表放大器还是差分放大器？ ...............................................................................................................3-1 单片仪表放大器设计——内部原理 ...................................................................................................................3-2 高性能仪表放大器 ..........................................................................................................................................3-2 固定增益仪表放大器 ......................................................................................................................................3-7 低成本仪表放大器 ..........................................................................................................................................3-8 单电源仪表放大器 ..........................................................................................................................................3-8 低功耗、单电源仪表放大器 ...........................................................................................................................3-11 iii 第Ⅳ章——单片差分放大器 ...............................................................................................................................4-1 差分（减法器）放大器 .....................................................................................................................................4-1 高频差分（接收器）放大器 ...............................................................................................................................4-6 第Ⅴ章——仪表放大器的应用技巧 ...................................................................................................................5-1 双电源工作 ......................................................................................................................................................5-1 单电源工作 ......................................................................................................................................................5-1 电源旁路、解耦和稳定性问题 .........................................................................................................................5-1 输入接地返回的重要性 ..................................................................................................................................5-1 AC 输入耦合 ..................................................................................................................................................5-2 阻容元件匹配 ..................................................................................................................................................5-2 电缆终端 ..............................................................................................................................................................5-3 仪表放大器的输入保护基本原理 .......................................................................................................................5-3 防ESD和DC过载的输入保护 ..........................................................................................................................5-3 用外接二极管对输入保护 ...............................................................................................................................5-5 防ESD和瞬态过载的输入保护 .......................................................................................................................5-5 影响DC精度的设计问题 ....................................................................................................................................5-6 对最低限失调电压漂移的设计 .......................................................................................................................5-6 对最低限增益漂移的设计 ...............................................................................................................................5-6 实际解决方案 ..................................................................................................................................................5-7 |
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