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毕业设计-异步发电机转子在线监测仪的研究报告(论文)

  • 简介: 目 录 第一章 概述 …………………………………………………………1 §1.1 引言……………………………………………………1§1.2 选题的意义………………...
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目 录

第一章 概述 …………………………………………………………1
§1.1 引言……………………………………………………1
§1.2 选题的意义……………………………………………2
§1.3检测项目及其性能指标要求…………………………3
§1.4 本论文主要研究的内容 ……………………………3
第二章 在线计算异步发电机转子绕组的绝缘电阻
及寻找故障接地点方法的研究 ………………5
§2.1 异步发电机的基本原理………………………………5
§2.2发电机转子接地故障分析……………………………6
2.2.1转子接地的发生及其危害性……………………6
2.2.2转子接地时应采取的措施………………………7
§2.3 接地的分类……………………………………………9
§2.4 传统的对转子绕组的绝缘电阻的监视方法…………9
§2.5转子在运行中的监视…………………………………9
§2.6接地点的自动定位……………………………………12
第三章 在线计算异步发电机转子绕组温度方法的研究 …………13
§3.1 发电机的允许温度和温升……………………………13
§3.2发电机转子温度的监视………………………………14
§3.3发电机转子局部过热的研究…………………………16
第四章 系统原理框图及硬件电路设计 ……………………………19
§4.1系统功能及总体结构 ………………………………19
§4.2硬件系统设计原则……………………………………21
§4.3 微处理器的选择………………………………………22
§4.4 微处理器PIC16F877简介……………………………23
§4.5 系统扩展………………………………………………23
§4.6 系统配置………………………………………………24
4.6.1前向通道……………………………………………24
4.6.2人机对话通道 ……………………………………28
4.6.2.1键盘接口 …………………………………………28
4.6.2.2显示器接口 ………………………………………30
4.6.3计算机相互通道 ……………………………………31
4.6.4后向通道 …………………………………………32
§4.7 抗干扰设计 …………………………………………33
第五章 系统软件设计 ………………………………………………37
§5.1 概述……………………………………………………37
§5.2软件设计特点…………………………………………38
§5.3 主要功能模块…………………………………………39
5.3.1键盘功能模块 …………………………………40
5.3.2串行通讯模块……………………………………42
5.3.3数字滤波模块……………………………………44
5.3.4标度变换模块……………………………………46
§5.4 系统软件流程框图……………………………………46
第六章 实验结果及分析 ……………………………………………51
§6.1 实验室测试与分析……………………………………51
§6.2现场测试与分析………………………………………53
第七章 结论 …………………………………………………………54
致谢 ……………………………………………………………………55
参考文献 ………………………………………………………………56
攻读学位期间所发表的论文、专利、获奖 …………………………58


内容摘要

本文所论述的异步发电机转子在线监测仪,可以用于在线监测异步发电机转子绕组的接地电阻以及接地点的快速自动定位,而且可以在线监测发电机转子绕组的温度,解决了目前还是靠运行人员手工检查、测量和手工计算发电机转子绕组绝缘电阻值和绕组温度值的缺点,能够正确区分和确定每一个故障接地点,这对快速排除故障,保证发电机安全可靠地运行具有重要意义,同时也节省了大量人工测量,手工计算的劳动强度,安全可靠性也得到了保证。本监测仪由单片机测控系统构成,实用、先进是本装置的特征,因此,可以作为发电机的在线检测设备推广使用。
本文对发电机转子接地的发生及其危害性,在线计算异步发电机转子绕组的绝缘电阻及寻找故障接地点的原理和方法;发电机允许的温度和温升,在线计算异步发电机转子绕组温度的原理和方法作了比较深入的研究,并对发电机转子局部过热现象作了分析,论述了异步发电机转子在线监测仪的研制过程,并给出了实验结果。详细阐述了单片机测控系统的硬件、软件及其特点,并对抗干扰措施作了分析。
本监测仪实时采集异步发电机转子的各种参数,根据测量数据可以自动计算出发电机转子绕组的接地电阻、发电机转子绕组温度值,可以准确地判断出转子绕组是在哪一点接地。如果被测发电机转子绕组的接地电阻低于报警值或者转子绕组的温度逐渐升高并达到报警值,本装置立即发出报警信号,提醒值班人员注意,并且提供了RS485通讯接口,可以与电厂的DCS系统通讯,为发电机组的安全运行和电厂的自动化程度的提高创造了条件。

关键词:异步发电机转子绕组绝缘电阻,异步发电机转子绕组接地故障定位,异步发电机转子绕组温度


A TRACT

The on-line monitor for synchronous generator motor introduced in this thesis,can be used not only for real time detection i ulated resistance and located the grounding point rapidly but also for real time detection temperature of the coil of the generator motor,resolved the drawback at present depend on the worker on duty to i ect and calculate manually on the i ulated resistance and temperature of the coil of the generator motor,the device is capable of distinguish and confirm every grounding point,this is very important for removing trouble quickly and e ure the generator operation in Safety and reliability, at the same time, saving a great deal of works in high inte ity .This device is composed by the microcomputer-based data detecting and proce ing system .Practicability and advancement are elementary feature of the device,Hence,the device can be popularized as measuring a liance for the generator.
A systematic and comprehe ive research on the principle and method is discu ed about the occurrence and harmfulne of grounding of the generator motor, on-line calculation for the i ulated resistance and located the grounding point of the coil of the synchronous generator motor, the temperature and its limit of the coil of the synchronous generator motor, on-line calculation for the temperature of the coil of the synchronous generator motor, and the local over-heat of the temperature of the of the synchronous generator motor is also discu ed. This paper states the development proce and results of the experiment of the on-line monitor for the synchronous generator motor, elaborates the hardware, the software and their traits of the microcomputer-based system, the measures of anti-interference are also analyzed.
The microcomputer-based data detecting and proce ing system gather various parameters real time in the course of the motion of generator. according to the measured data,the device can not only calculate the i ulated resistance value and the temperature value of the coil of the synchronous generator motor, but also tell where the grounding point of the coil of the synchronous generator motor is. Once the i ulated value of the generator under the alarm threshold or the temperature value of the generator over the alarm threshold, the device immediately send out alarm signal, noticing the man on duty pay attention to the coil of the synchronous generator motor. The RS485 communication interface are provided to communicate with the DCS system of the power plants, the device prepares the conditio for safety ru ing of generators and improving automation of power plants.

KEYWORDS: i ulated resistance of the coil of the synchronous generator motor, located the grounding point of the coil of the synchronous generator motor, temperature of the coil of the synchronous generator motor.


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