In art and literature the term realism is used to identify a literary movement in Europe and the United States in the last half of the 19th century and the early years of the 20th century. But the practice of realism is very old and can be traced back to ancient times.
In Europe the Realism movement arose in the 50s of the 19th century and had its origin in France. It centred in the novel and lay emphasis on fidelity to actual experience.
After the great wave of the international romantic movement had spent its force in the fourth decade of the 19th century, European literature moved in the direction of realism. The realisms wanted a truthful representation in their method as observational and objective.

1.Escaping from his drunken father and the window Douglas
2.Huck's“sound heart”sets against the“deformed conscience”
3.Conscience ain't no good

1．Western Literary Theory 西方文艺理论 冯光华编写 2003年4月
2．《第一次超现实主义宣言》 中国社会科学院出版社 1987年10月
3．《The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn》 By Mark Twain
4.《文学中的机构主义》 J.卡勒 1981年第6期