Groundwater Hydraulics-v3电子书,共137页 Table of Contents 1. Introduction..............................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Hydrological Cycle..........................................................................................................................1 1.2 Aquifer systems...............................................................................................................................3 1.2.1 Aquifer, aquitard, and aquiclude................................................................................................3 1.2.2 Aquifer types.............................................................................................................................3 1.3 Vertical distribution of groundwater.............................................................................................4 1.4 Groundwater flow systems..............................................................................................................6 2. Fundamental Equations of Groundwater Flow.......................................................................................9 2.1 Darcy’s Law.....................................................................................................................................9 2.2 Generalization of Darcy’s Law......................................................................................................13 2.3 Equation of continuity...................................................................................................................15 2.4 Basic equations for steady incompressible flow...........................................................................17 2.5 Basic equations for non-steady compressible flow......................................................................18 3. Steady Groundwater Flow in Aquifers...................................................................................................23 3.1 Groundwater flow in a confined aquifer......................................................................................23 3.1.1 Conceptual hydrogeological model..........................................................................................23 3.1.2 Mathematical model.................................................................................................................23 3.1.3 Analytical solution...................................................................................................................24 3.1.4 Analysis of solution..................................................................................................................25 3.2 Groundwater Flow in an Unconfined Aquifer.............................................................................27 3.2.1 Conceptual hydrogeological model..........................................................................................27 3.2.2 Mathematical model.................................................................................................................27 3.2.3 Analytical solution...................................................................................................................28 3.2.4 Analysis of solution..................................................................................................................29 3.3 Groundwater flow in a semi-confined aquifer.............................................................................32 3.3.1 Conceptual hydrogeological model..........................................................................................32 3.3.2 Mathematical model.................................................................................................................32 3.3.3 Analytical solution..................................................................................................................33 3.3.4 Analysis of result......................................................................................................................34 4. Steady Groundwater Flow to Wells........................................................................................................37 4.1 Groundwater flow to a well in a confined aquifer.......................................................................37 4.1.1 Conceptual hydrogeological model..........................................................................................37 4.1.2 Mathematical model.................................................................................................................37 4.1.3 Analytical solution...................................................................................................................39 4.1.4 Analysis of results....................................................................................................................40 4.1.5 Application to pumping test.....................................................................................................41 4.2 Groundwater flow to a well in an unconfined aquifer................................................................43 4.2.1 Conceptual hydrogeological model..........................................................................................43 4.2.2 Mathematical model.................................................................................................................43 4.2.3 Analytical solution...................................................................................................................44 4.2.4 Analysis of results....................................................................................................................46 4.2.5 Application to pumping test.....................................................................................................46 4.3 Groundwater flow to a well in a semi-confined aquifer..............................................................48 4.3.1 Conceptual hydrogeological model..........................................................................................48 4.3.2 Mathematical model.................................................................................................................48 4.3.3 Analytical solution...................................................................................................................49 1 4.4.4 Analysis of results...................................................................................................................52 4.4 Methods of superposition and images..........................................................................................55 4.4.1 Method of superposition..........................................................................................................55 4.4.2 Method of images....................................................................................................................61 4.5 Flow net.........................................................................................................................................65 4.5.1 Potential function and equipotential lines................................................................................65 4.5.2 Stream function and stream lines.............................................................................................66 4.5.3 Flow net..................................................................................................................................66 5. Non-steady Groundwater Flow in Aquifers...........................................................................................71 5.1 Basic equations for non-steady flow in aquifers..........................................................................71 5.1.1 Confined aquifer......................................................................................................................71 5.1.2 Unconfined aquifer..................................................................................................................72 5.2 Non-steady Groundwater Flow in a confined aquifer................................................................75 5.2.1 Conceptual hydrogeological model.........................................................................................75 5.2.2 Mathematical model................................................................................................................75 5.2.3 Analytical solution...................................................................................................................76 5.2.4 Analysis of the result...............................................................................................................77 5.3 Non-steady Groundwater Flow in an unconfined aquifer.........................................................78 5.3.1 Conceptual hydrogeological model.........................................................................................78 5.3.2 Mathematical model................................................................................................................78 5.3.3 Analytical solutions.................................................................................................................79 5.3.4 Analysis of results...................................................................................................................81 6. Non-steady Groundwater Flow to Wells................................................................................................83 6.1 Groundwater flow to a well in a confined aquifer......................................................................83 6.1.1 Conceptual hydrogeological model.........................................................................................83 |
查看评论
已有0位网友发表了看法