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抗疲劳食品基料的研究 毕业论文终稿

  • 简介:马氏珠母贝肉酶法制备抗疲劳食品基料的研究摘 要利用 RAPD标记分析了珠母贝属常见的马氏珠母贝、 大珠母贝、 珠母贝、 解氏珠母贝以及珍珠贝属常见企鹅珍珠贝的系统发育,同时分析了马氏珠母贝和大珠母贝不同地理种群的...
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[页数] 9     [字数] 8156

[目录]
1 材料和方法
2 结果
3 讨论
致谢
参考文献

[原文]
海水珍珠是由珍珠贝产生的, 中国南海具有丰富 的珍珠贝类资源。 具有经济价值的珍珠贝在分类上隶基因组学与应用生物学Genomics and Applied Biology属两个属, 珠母贝属(Pinctada)和珍珠贝属(Pte ria)。王祯瑞(2002)在 《中国动物志》 上记载我国的珠母贝属有 9种和珍珠贝属有 12 种。在珠母贝属中, 马氏珠母贝(P. matensii), 又称为合浦珠母贝(P. fucata)主要用于生产颗粒小的中低档珍珠,这种珍珠在我国称为“南珠” ,在日本及国际市场上称为欧卡娅珍珠(akoya pearls),我国的海水珍珠主要是由此贝生产
的; 大珠母贝 P. maxma, 俗称白蝶贝, 用于生产颗粒大、 价值高的银白色或金色南洋珠(south sea pearl),珠母贝 P. margaritifera,俗称黑蝶贝, 用于生产颗粒大、 价值高的黑珍珠, 但这两种珍珠贝的养殖在我国还没有真正发展起来。在珍珠贝属中,企鹅珍珠贝Pteria penguin 主要用于生产附壳珠(mabe), 由于附壳珠的价值不高, 市场容量有限, 养殖规模不大。鉴于珍珠贝具有较高的经济价值, 珍珠贝的研究通常多集中在养殖技术和遗传育种上(Wada, 1984;王爱民和石耀华,2003;谢玉坎,1995;蒙钊美等, 1996; Pitand Southgate, 2000;Gaytan-mondragon et al., 1993)。 近年来随着分子生物学的发展, 对珍珠贝分子系统、 分子识别和种群遗传多样性研究来越来越多。M.........

[摘要]
利用 RAPD标记分析了珠母贝属常见的马氏珠母贝、 大珠母贝、 珠母贝、 解氏珠母贝以及珍珠贝属常见企鹅珍珠贝的系统发育,同时分析了马氏珠母贝和大珠母贝不同地理种群的遗传多样性,并以邻接法(neighbor-joining, NJ)构建了种间及种群间的系统分支图。结果表明: (1)在珍珠贝5种9个种群中, 大珠母贝的4个种群最早聚在一起分别成为2个姊妹群, 这 2个姊妹群聚合为1个单元群后, 又与珠母贝聚在一起, 然后才与马氏珠母贝姊妹群聚合成的单元群聚合, 再与解氏珠母贝聚合, 最后才与企鹅珍珠贝聚合; (2)珠母贝属4种珍珠贝进化程度由低到高的等级顺序为解氏珠母贝-马氏珠母贝-珠母贝- 大珠母贝;解氏珠母贝是最晚形成的种类; (3)比较 5 种珍珠贝野生种群的 Nei's 多样性和 Shannon 多样性值为: 马氏珠母贝(0.411 1和0.593 3)跃珠母贝(0.397 1和0.578 4)跃企鹅珠母贝(0.383 1和0.549 3)跃大珠母贝(0.338 8和0.499 9)跃解氏珠母贝(0.301 6和0.445 2); (4)无论是马氏珠母贝, 还是大珠母贝, 野生种群的遗传多样性值均大于养殖种群。

[参考文献]
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DOI: 10.3969/gab.028.000293


[原文截取]
马氏珠母贝肉酶法制备抗疲劳食品基料的研究
摘 要
利用 RAPD标记分析了珠母贝属常见的马氏珠母贝、 大珠母贝、 珠母贝、 解氏珠母贝以及珍珠贝属常见企鹅珍珠贝的系统发育,同时分析了马氏珠母贝和大珠母贝不同地理种群的遗传多样性,并以邻接法(neighbor-joining, NJ)构建了种间及种群间的系统分支图。结果表明: (1)在珍珠贝5种9个种群中, 大珠母贝的4个种群最早聚在一起分别成为2个姊妹群, 这 2个姊妹群聚合为1个单元群后, 又与珠母贝聚在一起, 然后才与马氏珠母贝姊妹群聚合成的单元群聚合, 再与解氏珠母贝聚合, 最后才与企鹅珍珠贝聚合; (2)珠母贝属4种珍珠贝进化程度由低到高的等级顺序为解氏珠母贝-马氏珠母贝-珠母贝- 大珠母贝;解氏珠母贝是最晚形成的种类; (3)比较 5 种珍珠贝野生种群的 Nei's 多样性和 Shannon 多样性值为: 马氏珠母贝(0.411 1和0.593 3)跃珠母贝(0.397 1和0.578 4)跃企鹅珠母贝(0.383 1和0.549 3)跃大珠母贝(0.338 8和0.499 9)跃解氏珠母贝(0.301 6和0.445 2);.....
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