| 辅修英语专业毕业设计-人性的镜子（分析《蝇王》） Abstract William Golding’s first novel, Lord of the Flies, has been widely and hotly discussed in the literary world since its publication in 1954. Because of this novel, William Golding received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1983. Based on Golding’s remark that “man produces evil as a bee produces honey” in Fable in 1965, some critics claim that Lord of the Flies is a pessimistic novel. With boy’s struggling for power, weaseling out, and forsaking and betraying, Lord of the Flies uncovers defects and flaws of human nature to the reader in the form of a fable. However, when readers feel shocked, uneasy, and sorrowful for human nature as revealed in the novel, it is necessary to be clearly aware that all these are based on a conceived fable rather than reality. The intention of the novel is not to depress people but to improve them by giving warnings. The reason why the novel transcends its occasion and is widely read is that it reflects a universal truth: human nature can not be simply defined as virtuous or evil. Stirred by abrupt breakdown of civilization, it drives human beings to do something unexpected. In order to ensure the healthy development of the whole human society, it is necessary to guide and control the social environment successfully, and avoiding possible repetitions of terrible tragedies in history.= Key Words: mask, human nature, good and evil 摘 要 诺贝尔文学奖获得者英国小说家威廉姆戈尔丁的第一部也是最著名的一部小说《蝇王》自发表伊始就在文坛引起轩然大波，至今仍被评论家们所津津乐道。许多评论家认为《蝇王》是一部反映悲观主义的小说，依据是戈尔丁在1965年所说的“人制造恶就像蜜蜂产密一样”。然而戈尔丁在1985年回忆《蝇王》这部小说时也曾说过它不但潜伏着原始的罪恶，还弥漫着被人们所忽视原始的美德。 争权夺势，逃避责任，出卖背叛，《蝇王》以寓言的形式向读者揭示了人性的种种缺点和不足。然而，当为这部小说所揭示的人性感到震惊，不安和悲伤的同时，读者必须倾向地认识到这一结论是建立在一个寓言而不是现实基础之上的。 《蝇王》这部小说之所以能够跨越时空的界限广泛流传是因为它反映了一个放之四海而皆准的真理：人性不能笼统地用善良或者邪恶来界定，它会在不同的外界环境的刺激下促使人类做出意想不到的事情。因此为确保整个人类社会的健康发展，我们必须对外界环境加以有效的引导和控制，避免人类历史上的惨痛悲剧再度上演。 关键词：面具；人性；善与恶 Contents I. Introduction 1 A. Introduction to the author: William Golding 1 B. Brief introduction to Lord of the Flies 2 II. The analysis of human nature based on Lord of the Flies 3 A. Life experience of William Golding 3 B. Human nature, good and evil 3 C. The implication from the lord of the flies 5 1. Mask 5 2. The enlightenment given by the lord of the flies 6 III. Conclusion 7 Bibliography 8 |
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